python2和python3實(shí)現(xiàn)在圖片上加漢字,最主要的區(qū)別還是內(nèi)部編碼方式不一樣導(dǎo)致的,在代碼上表現(xiàn)為些許的差別。理解了內(nèi)部編碼原理也就不會(huì)遇到這些問題了，以下代碼是在WIN10系統(tǒng)上時(shí)測好用的。

Python2 在圖片上加漢字代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)

            
              # -*- coding: cp936 -*-
import cv2
import numpy as np

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont

def ID_2_Word(txt):

    tmp_ID = txt.split(':')[0]

    value = txt.split(':')[-1]

    '''
    numbers = {
        'DS041' : "Coolant TEMP          ",
        'DS048' : "RPM                   ",
        'DS049' : "Speed                 ",
        'DS098' : "Oil level             ",
        'DS123' : "Control Module Voltage"
    }

    '''
    numbers = {
        'DS041' : "冷卻液溫度",
        'DS048' : "發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速",
        'DS049' : "車速   ",
        'DS098' : "燃油液位輸入",
        'DS123' : "控制模塊電壓"
    }
    

    word = numbers.get(tmp_ID, None)
    
    result = str(word) + ':' + value

    #print(result)

    return result


def cv2ImgAddText(img, text, left, top, textColor=(0, 255, 0), textSize=20):
    if (isinstance(img, np.ndarray)):  #判斷是否OpenCV圖片類型
        img = Image.fromarray(cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
    #fontText = ImageFont.truetype("font/simsun.ttc", textSize, encoding="utf-8")
    fontText = ImageFont.truetype("font/simsun.ttc", textSize, encoding="gb2312") #cp936
    draw.text((left, top), text, textColor, font=fontText)
    return cv2.cvtColor(np.asarray(img), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)

def layer1_show(img,data):

    

    frame =  cv2.resize(img, (1280, 720), interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)

    font = ImageFont.truetype('font/simsun.ttc',24,encoding="utf-8")

        

    OBD_string = data
   
    y0, dy = 50, 25
        
    for i, txt in enumerate(OBD_string.split(';')):
            
            
            #word = txt
        word = ID_2_Word(txt) #將OBD信號(hào)的ID轉(zhuǎn)換為中文
        
        word = unicode(word,'gbk')
            #print(i, txt.split(':')[0])
        y = y0+i*dy
        
        frame = cv2ImgAddText(frame, word, 100, y, (255, 0, 0), 20)

        
    cv2.imshow("layer_1", frame)
    cv2.waitKey(0)
        

    



if __name__ == '__main__':
    img = cv2.imread("map.png");
    
    data = "DS041: 88;DS048: 800;DS049: 64;DS098: 0.00;DS123: 0.00"
    layer1_show(img,data)

    


            
          

Python3 在圖片上加漢字代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)

            
              import cv2
import numpy as np

from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont

def ID_2_Word(txt):

    tmp_ID = txt.split(':')[0]

    value = txt.split(':')[-1]

    '''
    numbers = {
        'DS041' : "Coolant TEMP          ",
        'DS048' : "RPM                   ",
        'DS049' : "Speed                 ",
        'DS098' : "Oil level             ",
        'DS123' : "Control Module Voltage"
    }

    '''
    numbers = {
        'DS041' : "冷卻液溫度",
        'DS048' : "發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速",
        'DS049' : "車速   ",
        'DS098' : "燃油液位輸入",
        'DS123' : "控制模塊電壓"
    }
    

    word = numbers.get(tmp_ID, None)
    
    result = str(word) + ':' + value

    #print(result)

    return result


def cv2ImgAddText(img, text, left, top, textColor=(0, 255, 0), textSize=20):
    if (isinstance(img, np.ndarray)):  #判斷是否OpenCV圖片類型
        img = Image.fromarray(cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)
    #fontText = ImageFont.truetype("font/simsun.ttc", textSize, encoding="utf-8")
    fontText = ImageFont.truetype("font/simsun.ttc", textSize, encoding="gb2312") #cp936
    draw.text((left, top), text, textColor, font=fontText)
    return cv2.cvtColor(np.asarray(img), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)

def layer1_show(img,data):

    

    frame =  cv2.resize(img, (1280, 720), interpolation=cv2.INTER_CUBIC)

    font = ImageFont.truetype('font/simsun.ttc',24,encoding="utf-8")

        

    OBD_string = data
  

    y0, dy = 50, 25
        
    for i, txt in enumerate(OBD_string.split(';')):
            
            
            #word = txt
        word = ID_2_Word(txt) #將OBD信號(hào)的ID轉(zhuǎn)換為中文
        
        #word = unicode(word,'gbk')
           
        y = y0+i*dy
        
        frame = cv2ImgAddText(frame, word, 100, y, (255, 0, 0), 20)

        
    cv2.imshow("layer_1", frame)
    cv2.waitKey(0)
        

    



if __name__ == '__main__':
    img = cv2.imread("map.png");
    
    data = "DS041: 88;DS048: 800;DS049: 64;DS098: 0.00;DS123: 0.00"
    layer1_show(img,data)

    


            
          

遇到的問題

python2中：UnicodeDecodeError: ‘a(chǎn)scii’ codec can’t decode byte 0xe8 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)

這是因?yàn)檫@是因?yàn)槟J(rèn)的是utf-8編碼格式

中文字符的Unicode編碼0x0800-0xFFFF之間,(utf-8包含了部分漢字)
當(dāng)你試圖將該“中文字符”轉(zhuǎn)成U碼的utf-8時(shí)超出了其范籌
而GBK 規(guī)范收錄了 ISO 10646.1 中的全部 CJK 漢字和符號(hào)，并有所補(bǔ)充，
所以 解決方法是將utf-8改為gbk

            
              word = unicode(word,'utf-8') 改為 word = unicode(word,'gbk')