?這個教程，我們將展示如何用python創(chuàng)建一個井字游戲。 其中我們將使用函數(shù)、數(shù)組、if條件語句、while循環(huán)語句和錯誤捕獲等。
首先我們需要創(chuàng)建兩個函數(shù)，第一個函數(shù)用來顯示游戲板:
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def print_board():
for i in range(0,3):
for j in range(0,3):
print map[2-i][j],
if j != 2:
print "|",
print ""
這我們使用兩個for循環(huán)來遍歷map，該map是一個包含了位置信息的二維數(shù)組。
游戲板看起來是這樣的:
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| |
| |
| |
X | X |
O | X | O
| O | X
X | X | X
X | X | X
X | X | X
?
下面我們需要一個函數(shù)check_done()來檢查游戲是否結(jié)束。如果結(jié)束，則返回True并打印消息。
?
def check_done():
for i in range(0,3):
if map[i][0] == map[i][1] == map[i][2] != " " \
or map[0][i] == map[1][i] == map[2][i] != " ":
print turn, "won!!!"
return True
if map[0][0] == map[1][1] == map[2][2] != " " \
or map[0][2] == map[1][1] == map[2][0] != " ":
print turn, "won!!!"
return True
if " " not in map[0] and " " not in map[1] and " " not in map[2]:
print "Draw"
return True
return False
有幾個地方需要檢查，首先檢查水平和垂直方向，是否有一行或一列不為空且包含有三個相同的符號，然后我們再檢查斜方向。如果上面有一個方向滿足，游戲結(jié)束并打印“Won!!!”。請注意檢查變量改變，它用來標(biāo)記當(dāng)前是哪一位玩家。
同時我們需要檢查當(dāng)前游戲板是否被填滿且沒有人獲勝，游戲平局。
有了上面的兩個函數(shù)，下面我們創(chuàng)建3個變量:
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turn = "X"
map = [[" "," "," "],
[" "," "," "],
[" "," "," "]]
done = False
??? turn : 輪到誰
??? map : 游戲板
??? done : 游戲是否結(jié)束
現(xiàn)在啟動游戲:
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while done != True:
print_board()
print turn, "'s turn"
print
moved = False
while moved != True:
這里使用了while循環(huán)直到游戲結(jié)束并返回true.在這個循環(huán)里面，使用了另外一個while循環(huán)來檢查玩家是否移動，如果玩家沒有移動，則程序會跳到下一次循環(huán)。
下一步告訴玩家怎么玩:
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print "Please select position by typing in a number between 1 and 9, see below for which number that is which position..."
print "7|8|9"
print "4|5|6"
print "1|2|3"
print
try:
pos = input("Select: ")
if pos <=9 and pos >=1:
我們期望玩家輸入一個數(shù)字，檢查該數(shù)字是否是在1到9之間。另外，我們這里需要一段錯誤處理邏輯，我們還需要需要檢查玩家是否能移動到一個位置:
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Y = pos/3
X = pos%3
if X != 0:
X -=1
else:
X = 2
Y -=1
以下是全部的代碼:
?
def print_board():
for i in range(0,3):
for j in range(0,3):
print map[2-i][j],
if j != 2:
print "|",
print ""
def check_done():
for i in range(0,3):
if map[i][0] == map[i][1] == map[i][2] != " " \
or map[0][i] == map[1][i] == map[2][i] != " ":
print turn, "won!!!"
return True
if map[0][0] == map[1][1] == map[2][2] != " " \
or map[0][2] == map[1][1] == map[2][0] != " ":
print turn, "won!!!"
return True
if " " not in map[0] and " " not in map[1] and " " not in map[2]:
print "Draw"
return True
return False
turn = "X"
map = [[" "," "," "],
[" "," "," "],
[" "," "," "]]
done = False
while done != True:
print_board()
print turn, "'s turn"
print
moved = False
while moved != True:
print "Please select position by typing in a number between 1 and 9,\
see below for which number that is which position..."
print "7|8|9"
print "4|5|6"
print "1|2|3"
print
try:
pos = input("Select: ")
if pos <=9 and pos >=1:
Y = pos/3
X = pos%3
if X != 0:
X -=1
else:
X = 2
Y -=1
if map[Y][X] == " ":
map[Y][X] = turn
moved = True
done = check_done()
if done == False:
if turn == "X":
turn = "O"
else:
turn = "X"
except:
print "You need to add a numeric value"
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